黄河山东段浮游生物群落特征调查分析

Investigation and Analysis on Characteristics of Plankton Community in the Yellow River of Shandong Province

于2013年5月至2014年2月对黄河山东段进行了5次调查采样,分析了浮游生物群落的种类组成、密度、生物量和生物多样性等群落特征。结果表明:共获得浮游植物8门53种属,以蓝藻门和绿藻门为主,物种丰富度大小顺序为8月>2月>7月>10月>5月;共获得浮游动物4类28种,以轮虫最多,物种丰富度大小顺序为8月>2月>10月>5月>7月,以螺形龟甲轮虫、针簇多肢轮虫、角突臂尾轮虫和萼花臂尾轮虫为主。黄河山东段浮游植物和浮游动物Shannon-Wiener指数(H')均较低,分别为1.43和1.19;依据Shannon-Wiener指数评价标准,黄河山东段水环境质量为中度污染。

Five times surveys were carried out in the Yellow River of Shandong Province from May 2013 to February 2014.Species composition, biomass, abundance and species diversity of plankton were discussed. The results showed that a total of53 species of phytoplankton belonging to 8 phyla were identified, Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta dominated the phytoplankton communities. The species richness indexes of phytoplankton varied with August > February > July > November > May. A total of 28 species of zooplankton belonging to 4 phyla were also identified and Rotifera dominated the zooplankton communities. The species richness indexes of zooplankton varied with August > February > November > May > July, and the dominant species were Keratella cochlearis, Polyarthra trigla, Brachionus angularis and Brachionus calyciflorus. All the Shannon-Wiener indexes of phytoplankton and zooplankton were lesser than 3, and the mean values were 1.43 and 1.19,respectively. Based on the Shannon-Wiener indexes of phytoplankton and zooplankton, it suggested that the Yellow River in Shandong Province was in middle polluted status..