西藏阿里地区土拉菌病初步调查

Preliminary Investigation on Tularemia in Ali Prefecture, the Tibet Autonomous Region of China

1992年4～7月,对西藏阿里部分地区进行了土拉菌病调查,结果表明人感染血清阳性检出率平均为2％(7/349);羊血清阳性检出率平均为19％(68/366),个别地区阳性检出率可达50％(17/31)以上。在普兰、噶尔、日土3个县境内的山地高寒荒漠灌丛草原型地带,其海拔高度在4200～4800米处,所采集的银盾革蜱(Dermacentor niveus)3千余只中,分离出13株土拉菌,另外从实验室内孵化出的幼蜱中分离出1株菌,鉴定均为旧大陆变种,按Олсуфъев分类属生物Ⅱ型。从血清学和细菌学角度,首次证实西藏阿里地区存在土拉菌病自然疫源地。

During April -July of 1992,the investigation on Tularemia was carried out in some areas in Ali prefecture, the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. The results showed that the mean sero-positive detection rate obtained from the local inhabitants was 2% (7/349) and that from sheep 19% (68/366),the rate reaching more than 50%(17/31) in a few areas. Meanwhile, a total of about 3 000 ticks (Dermacento niveus ) were collected in the alpine desert-brush grassland landscape Zones at an altitude of 4 200 - 4 800 metres above sea level in the mountainous regions which are located within the boundaries of the following three Counties :Pulan,Guor and Ritu. Thirteen strains of Bacillus Tularensis were isolated from the pools of these ticks. In addition,one strain of Bacillus Tularensis was also isolated from the pools of the young ticks incubated in our laboratory. All of these strains were identified as the old continent variations, and considered to belong to the bio-type Ⅱ. according the s classification. Serologically and bacteriologically ,it was the first time to confirm existence of the natural foci of Tularemia in some areas in Ali prefecture, the Tibet Autonomous Region of China.