不同土壤中硅酸盐细菌生理生化特征及其解钾活性的研究

PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SILICATE-DISSOLVING BACTERIA IN DIFFERENT SOILS AND THEIR CAPACITIES OF RELEASING POTASSIUM

在以钾长石粉为唯一K源的硅酸盐细菌选择性培养基上,从我国部分省市土壤中筛选到16株硅酸盐细菌,以本实验室保藏NBT菌株为参照,对其生理生化特性、耐盐性、抗生素抗性、温度敏感性及释K能力等生物学特性进行了测定.结果表明,17株硅酸盐细菌菌体均为杆状,产生椭圆至圆形芽胞.其中SB6、SB13为短杆状,SB4、SB6、SB10、SB15菌株是G+,其余菌株是G-.NH4+、NO3-为良好N源,且能在无N培养基上生长.菌株SB13和NBT解K能力较强,释放的K比接灭活菌对照分别增加49.1%和45.3%.菌株SB2、SB4、SB5、SB6在20g/L NaCl浓度的培养基上能生长,在温度为10℃～40℃范围内供试硅酸盐细菌能够良好生长.

Cultured on selective medium based on feldspar as its sole potassium source, 17 strains of silicate-dissolving bacteria were screened out of soils sampled from several provinces in China. Their physiological and biochemical characters, salt tolerance, antibiotic resistance, temperature sensitivity and K releasing capability were determined. The results show that all strains appear as rods and yield ellipsoidal spores, but Strains SB6 and SB13 are shorter. The Gram reaction of Strains SB4, SB6, SB10 and SB15 were positive and the others negative. The isolates grew well with NH4 and NO3 as nitrogen source and survived without. The strains were compared in capability of + - releasing potassium and it was found that Strain SB13 and NBT were more capable of releasing potassium. The content of soluble potassium was increased by 49.1% and 45.3%, respectively. Strains SB2, SB4, SB5 and SB6 survived in the medium with 20.0 g/L NaCl and were growing well under the temperature ranging from 10℃~40℃.