水稻缓释控释肥的增产效应与环保效应

Effects of a slow/controlled released fertilizer on rice yield and the environment

在广东省范围内对水稻缓释控释肥进行大面积试验示范,结果表明,(1)移栽前每公顷一次基施'农科'水稻缓释控释肥525～750 kg,其肥效完全可满足水稻本田期对养分的需求.与常规分次施肥比较,施用该缓释控释肥平均增加稻谷497.7 kg/hm2,增产率7.78%;其中,获显著增产的概率达69.4%,平产概率占28.6%,说明施用该水稻缓释控释肥增产效果稳定.(2)施用水稻缓释控释肥显著降低氮磷肥料的养分施用量.与常规分次施肥比较,早晚造平均减少氮素用量26.5%、磷素19.3%,表明水稻缓释控释肥不但显著减少肥料资源的浪费,而且减少了肥料养分流失造成的污染,对生态环境的保护具有重要的现实意义.

field trials and demonstrations for a slow/controlled release fertilizer (SCRF) applied to a rice were carried out over Guangdong province. Results showed that it was sufficiently met the demands of nutrition by the rice 'Nongke' at the application rates of 525~750 kg/hm2. In comparison with the traditional fertilization, the slow/controlled fertilizer increased grain yield up to 497.7 kg/hm2 or 7.78% on the average, with the probability by 69.4% for significant yield increase and 28.6% for similar yield. This indicated that the application of the slow/controlled fertilizer should be a reliable approach for achieving stable yield increase. N and P application rates were significantly reduced when applying SCRF. In comparison with normal fertilization, the application of SCRF reduced the application rates of N and P by 26.5% and 19.3% , respectively. As the result of much smaller N and P application rates, SCRF would significantly safe fertilizer resources and minimize the pollution caused by the loss of fertilizer nutrients. This is of practical importance for protecting the environment.