城市供水水源地水质健康风险评价

Environmental health risk assessment for urban water supply source

环境健康风险评价是当今环境科学领域十分关注的重要课题。在简要介绍水环境健康风险评价基本方法的基础上,建立了健康风险评价模式,并根据某市供水水源地水质实测资料,进行分析与评价。结果表明:(1)基因毒物质由饮水途径所致健康危害的个人年风险按大小排列为Cr6+>As>Cd,而躯体毒物质的个人年风险按大小排列为Pb>CN>酚>NH3>Hg,但前组的影响远大于后组;(2)饮用水源各类污染物所致健康危害的个人年总风险2000年为6 53E-05,超过国际辐射防护委员会(ICRP)推荐的最大可接受值5 0E-05a-1,远远超过瑞典环保局、荷兰建设和环境部推荐的最大可接受水平1 0E-06a-1。结论对城市供水水源风险管理和水环境保护措施的制定具有参考价值。

A model for assessment of water environmental health risk assessment is established.The model is applied to analyze and assess the quality of water supply source in a certain city.The result shows that:1.the ranking of average risk of health for each resident due to gene toxic substances via drinking water is Cr^(6+)>As>Cd,and the ranking of average risk due to non-gene toxic substance via drinking water is Pb>CN>hydroxybenzene>NH3>Hg,however,the effect of former group of substance are much more greater than the latter group of substance;2.the total risk for each resident caused by all pollutants is higher than the value recommended by ICRP and far more higher than the standards recommended by Sweden Bureau of Environment Protection and Holland Ministry of building and Environment Protection.This result provides important information for water environment risk management and environment protection of the city.