初中生的亲子沟通及其与家庭环境系统和社会适应关系的研究

Parent-Child Communication as the Moderate Variable between Family System and Social Adaptation of Middle School Students

本文比较了父母在亲子沟通上的差异 ,并用结构方程模型分析方法探讨了家庭环境系统中各因素的因果关系。结果表明 :( 1 )初中生的亲子沟通没有年级差异 ;初中生在与父亲的沟通内容上、与母亲的沟通时间和态度上存在性别差异。 ( 2 )父母教育水平对亲子沟通的直接影响很小 ,它主要通过对家庭结构的影响而对亲子沟通施加影响。父母与孩子长期形成的亲子关系质量影响父母与孩子的沟通状况 ;家庭结构影响父亲与孩子的沟通 ,而很少影响孩子与母亲的沟通。 ( 3 )家庭功能对亲子沟通也具有影响力。其中 ,情感反应既影响父子之间的沟通质量也影响母子之间的沟通 ,总的家庭功能影响母子之间的沟通质量 ,而不影响父子之间的沟通。 ( 4 )亲子沟通质量直接影响学生的同伴关系、心理健康和学业成绩。

The purpose of this study was to identify the difference between father\|child communication (FCC) and mother\|child communication(MCC)and to examine the relationships among Parent\|Child Communication(PCC),family system and psychological and school adjustment.A questionnaire was administered to 406 middle school students aged from 14 to 16.Structure equation modeling method was used in the data analysis.It was showed that (1) there were significantly differences between male and female students in terms of the content of FCC,time and attitude of MCC.No difference was found between grades.(2) Education level of parents seemed to have little direct influence on PCC.Rather,its relationship with PCC was moderated by the variable of family structure.Specifically,family structure had direct effect on FCC,but not on MCC.Early experience of parent\|child interaction influenced PCC.(3) Family function is closely related to PCC and affective responsiveness had effect both on FCC and MCC.(4) PCC seemed to have significant influence on students' peer relationship,psychological well\|being and school performance.