煤基单壁纳米炭管的制备

PREPARATION OF SINGLE-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES FROM COAL

采用电弧等离子体技术 ,以铁粉、镍粉或La Ni混合物为催化剂 ,由中国煤成功地制备出单壁纳米炭管 .综合运用扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)、透射电子显微镜 (TEM )、能量散射探针 (EDX)及激光拉曼光谱等技术对所制得的单壁纳米炭管进行分析表征 ,发现得到的单壁纳米炭管具有较高的纯度 ;所制得的煤基单壁纳米炭管的直径与所使用的催化剂有关 ,以铁粉为催化剂时 ,单壁炭管的直径处于 1 2～ 2 2nm之间 ,而以镍粉或La Ni混合物为催化剂时得到单壁炭管的直径相近 ,处于 1 2 6～ 1 5 0nm之间 ;与单壁炭管伴生的其他杂质是少量的碳包纳米金属颗粒和微量的源于原料煤中矿物质的Al。

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were prepared from coal by the arc discharge method with iron, nickel or a mixture of nickel and lanthanum as catalyst. The SWCNTs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The results showed that the purity of SWCNTs derived from coal was quite good, of which the diameters were closely related to the catalysts used, which was around 1.2-2.2 nm for iron catalyst; while in the case of nickel and La-Ni mixture catalysts, the diameters of the as-grown SWNTs were similar and in a range of 1.26-1.50 nm. Trace amounts of other elements such as Al, Si, Ca and K were found in the SWCNTs, which were believed to be from mineral matter in the raw coal.