大兴安岭林区火烧迹地木腐菌主要类群的初步研究

A preliminary study on wood-inhabiting fungi on charred wood in Daxinganling forest areas.

对大兴安岭林区火烧迹地的 17种主要木腐菌进行了报道 ,并就它们的生态习性和生态功能进行探讨 .通过对火烧林分和非过火林分主要木腐菌类群变化的研究 ,确定在火烧迹地森林生态系统演替过程中的先锋菌物主要有 8种 ,常见菌 4种 ,以及在寒温带针叶林生态系统中的珍稀和濒危的木腐菌 3种 ,并探讨了珍稀或濒危菌物的保护对策 .

Study on wood-inhabiting fungi is one of the active fields of mycology during past 30 years in China,and the study mostly focused on natural forest without fire disturbing.Forest fire changes forest ecology dramatically,and the fungi on charred wood are different from those in nature forests without fires.In this paper,we focused on the wood-inhabiting fungi growing on charred wood in Daxinganling forest areas.Seventeen species were reported:Antrodia sp.,Antrodia xantha,Ceriporiopsis mucida,Diplomitoporus lindbladii,Gloeophyllum carbonarium,Gloeophyllum sepiarium,Gloeoporus taxicola,Laurilia sulcata,Oligoporus sericeomollis,Phellinus igniarius,Postia caesia,Postia leucomallella,Postia tephroleuca,Schizopora flavipora,Skeletocutis ochroalba,Skeletocutis vulgaris,and Trichaptum fuscoviolaceum.Among them,eight species caused brown rot,and nine species caused white rot.Based on our field studies,eight species were pioneer fungi in charred wood,four species were common one,and three species were rare or threatened in the studied area.Setting up nature reserve should be the best way to protect the rare or threatened species of wood-inhabiting fungi.