鱼类线粒体DNA研究新进展

New Progresses on Mitochondrial DNA in Fish

线粒体DNA是分子生物学研究中的一个热门领域 ,已成为鱼类进化生物学和群体遗传学研究的重要分子遗传标记。本文对鱼类线粒体DNA分子生物学的最新研究进展进行了较详细的阐述 ,重点介绍鱼类线粒体DNA全序列的研究进展、组成及特征 ,鱼类线粒体DNA非编码区结构研究进展 ,鱼类线粒体DNA多态性及其主要的检测方法 ;综述了最近有关鱼类线粒体DNA在鱼类系统学、种间杂交渐渗、种群识别、起源和进化、地理分化等研究中的应用情况。

The study on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a hot field in recent molecular biology.With some special characteristics,mitochondrial DNA as an ideal genetic marker has been successfully applied to the research of population and evolutionary biology of fish.Many scientific achievements on mtDNA in fish have been made,however,a number of issues need to be further studied and explored.In the present paper,the research progresses on the complete mtDNA sequences,the structures and characteristics of mtDNA,the mtDNA control region structures,and mtDNA polymorphisms and detecting methods are introduced.Furthermore,we review the applications in the recent years in the fields of systematic evolution,hybridization and introgression,biogeography and population genetics of fish.