农业生态环境数字信息系统的建立及应用

Foundation and Application of Digital Information System on the Agricultural Eco-environment System

阐述了中国三北地区农业生态环境恶化的严重性,提出了农业生产内部环境和农业生产外部环境的概念,为进行农业生态环境研究指出了新的方向。从数字地球的角度讨论了应用数字化方法开展农业生态环境研究的必要性。在建立农业生态环境系统概念模型和指标体系的基础上,建立了农业生态环境数字信息系统。将农业生态环境模拟系统与GIS耦合,进行数字信息技术集成,实现了农业生态环境研究的信息化、数字化、模型化及可视化。借助于用户界面可对有关的农业生态环境问题进行检索、咨询。通过变量调控、优化决策,可以达到调整系统结构,提高系统功能,促进农业可持续发展的目的。

This paper discusses the gravity of agricultural eco-environment problems and tremendous potential of developing the agro-pastoral in the northern China. From the point of system the agricultural eco-environment conceptual model and index system have been set up, which includes the sub-system of climate, water,land, living things and social environment. Every sub-system has many environmental factors respectively. An agricultural eco-environment digital information system has been set up based on 3S and EIS-GIS integration system,using the digital information technology. It is a hiberarchy conceptual model of multiple layers, which has 7 layers of A - G layer. With the help of the system, the environment imitation can be fulfilled, and the problems of evaluation, forecast, precaution, program, decision management and optimization on the eco-environment can be solved. Coupling the agricultural eco-environment digital information system with GIS the system will have strong functions of the spatial management of data and environment imitation and realize the agricultural eco-environment study with information, digitization, model and visualization. We take the western Songnen Plain as an example to make the soil alkalinized desertification evaluation and precaution, and use the SD ( system dynamic) model to make the optimization about ecological environment remediation and comprehensive development decision. By the means of the user interface we may have the search and consultation. The knowledge and information in the system can be enlarged, modified and renewed. As well as the system structure can be adjusted and system function can be developed. Thus, the agricultural eco-environmental digital information system has extensive foreground of development and application.