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大气降水中化学组分及其制约因素(Ⅱ) 被引量:4

CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS AND RESTRICT FACTORS OF WET DEPOSITIONS
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摘要 对西太平洋、中太平洋、委内瑞拉、科西嘉、青岛等5个地区降水中化学组分进行了相对分析和描述。认识到:各种化学组分因其在整个地球水循环中的行为和来源不同而影响其在降水中的浓度,其中Ca在降水中的浓度很大程度上受陆源物质影响;NaCl主要来自海洋,即其含量主要决定于降水对海盐气溶胶冲刷程度;SO_4^(2-)含量的增高是由于人为污染物质及火山喷发等的贡献;NO_3^-主要来源于天然及人为污染物中的NO_x,H_2SO_4及HNO_3的存在是产生酸雨的主要因素,而CaCO_(3-)CO_3^(2-)体系对酸雨有缓冲能力,可使pH升高,NH_3的加入有利于缓解酸雨。 Based on the data of wet depositions from the west Pacific, middle Pacific, Venezualan, Corsica and Qingdao. This study reveals major factors/processes influence the chemical compositions of rain water in these regions. Concentration of Ca in rain water is greatly affected by the continental materials. Na and Cl mainly come from the sea salt, i. e. , they are contributed through washing sea salt aerosol in atmosphere. Elevated value of SO42- is considered from the contribution of man-made pollution and volcanic events etc. Whereas NO2 is mainly supplied from NO2 that are both natural and man-made pollutions. Consequently H2SO4 and HNO3 are the major causes of acid rain, CaCO3-CO32- system (calcite dissolution) could buffer rain acidity and increase pH.
出处 《海洋科学》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 1993年第5期51-53,共3页 Marine Sciences
关键词 大气 降水 化学成分 制约因素 Wet deposition Chemical composition Restrict factor Continental material Man-made pollution Simulated rain water
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  • 1团体著者,海洋化学.水的结构与水圈的化学,1976年

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