草原沙漠化成因的探讨

Probe into causes of grassland desertification

阐述了目前国内外对草原沙漠化形成原因的研究。我国草原面积占国土面积的30.2%,而全国草原沙化面积占草原总面积的35.6%,潜在沙漠化面积占46.7%。目前,草原沙漠化的成因可归纳为自然和人为两大因素。自然因素主要包括:(1)气候干燥化加剧,为沙漠化的扩展创造了环境条件;(2)大风频发,构成沙漠化扩展的重要动力;(3)地表裸露面积大、组成物质松散、沙源丰富,提供了沙漠化扩展物源基础。人为因素主要包括超载放牧、盲目垦植、樵采挖药、水资源利用不当、工矿交通建设等,分析了草原沙漠化研究中存在的主要问题。

The factors affecting grassland desertification were discussed and the nature factor chiefly consists of drought, strong wind, and uncovered ground surface. The human factors chiefly consists of overgrazing, blindly reclamation of grassland, collect the firewood and medicines from grassland and improper industry construction.