小流域水土流失的数学模型及数值模拟

Mathematic model and digital simulation of small river basin soil and water loss

为了描述小流域水土流失的水量、含沙量过程线,实现水土流失动态模拟,通过对小流域整个水土流失过程数学模型的建立及计算程序的编制,实现了对小流域整个水土流失过程的数值模拟。并通过有限的野外实验研究来校正模型中的参数:通过改变模型中的参数和输入值,可以模拟、预测不同条件(包括地形坡度)下的水土流失情况,有助于揭示水土流失因子之间的相互作用机制,探讨不同耕作方式和水保措施下水土流失的规律,为水土流失防治、减轻地质灾害、合理使用耕地和保护生态环境提供科学依据。

In order to describe instantaneous change of the runoff and sediment yield erosion quantity, and to make dynamic simulation of soil and water loss,a mathematical model for small river basin soil and water loss and the calculating program are established. We can modify the parameter and coefficient in the model on fields test, through changing parameter and coefficient in the model all kinds of loss of water and erosion of land under natural condition can de simulated, which reveals and predicts the relationship between the factors leading to loss of water and erosion of soil and the regulation of loss of water and erosion of land under different methods of cultivating and conservation of water and soil. It provides scientific basis for preventing loss of water and erosion of soil, reducing geological disasters, using cultivated lands reasonably and protecting ecological environment.