广州市天河区1989～2003年法定报告传染病流行特征分析

Epidemiological analysis on infectious diseases legally reported in Tianhe district of Guangzhou, 1989-2003

目的 了解广州市天河区各类传染病的分布、流行趋势和流行特征 ,为制定预防控制对策提供科学依据。方法 采用描述流行病学的方法对天河区户籍人口 1989～ 2 0 0 3年 15年间各类法定报告传染病疫情资料进行分类统计分析。结果 1989～ 2 0 0 3年共报告各类传染病 30种 ,累计报告病例达 176 2 9例。年发病率最高的是 1996年为 4 32 34/ 10万 ,最低的是 2 0 0 1年为 15 7 73/ 10万 ,年均发病率为 2 6 8 4 7/ 10万。 15年间各类传染病发病以肠道传染病为主 ,共报告 80 86例 ,占总发病数的4 5 85 % ;其次是呼吸道传染病 ,2 0 0 3、2 0 0 4年跃居四类传染病之首。主要传染病发病以病毒性肝炎、淋病、痢疾、风疹、肺结核为主。 2 0 0 3年传染病发病率前三位依次为流感、肺结核及病毒性肝炎 ,发病率分别为 6 3 0 3/ 10万、4 0 2 9/ 10万和 32 4 4 / 10万。结论 广州市天河区传染病流行特征发生了变化 ,肺结核、流感等呼吸道传染病是今后传染病防治工作的重点 ,同时还必须加强肠道传染病的防治和监测。

Objective To analyze the epidemiology characteristics of infectious diseases reported in Tianhe district. Methods Infectious diseases data reported in Tianhe in 1989-2003 were used to analyze. Results 30 kinds of infectious diseases with 17 629 cases were reported in 1989-2003. The highest incidence (432.34/10 5) appeared in 1996 and the lowest (157.73/10 5) in 2001. The average incidence was 268.47/10 5. Intestinal infectious diseases were the main diseases with 8 086 cases and accounted for 45.85% total number reported. Virus hepatitis, gonorrhea, diarrhea, measles and tuberculosis were the leading infectious diseases. Flu (63.03/10 5 ), tuberculosis (40.29/10 5 )and virus hepatitis (32.44/10 5) were the top three in 2003. Conclusion The epidemical characteristics of infectious diseases in Tianhe has changed, which give more weight to tuberculosis, flu and respiratory diseases in prevention of infectious diseases, meanwhile, prevention and surveillance of intestinal infectious diseases should be strengthen.