黄河流域的土地利用和土地覆盖变化

Land-use/land-cover changes in the Yellow River basin

应用遥感技术与地理信息系统 GIS技术进行土地利用变化监测 ,具有快速、客观的特点。对 L ANDSAT TM图像进行解译判读 ,获取反映黄河流域 2 0世纪 80年代末期到 90年代末期土地利用和覆盖情况的 1:10万比例尺的土地利用数据。通过应用土地利用动态度模型、土地利用程度时空演变模型、土地利用类型转移模型和土地利用重心模型 ,对黄河流域近 10年的土地利用和覆盖变化进行了研究。研究结果表明 :10年来黄河流域草地、林地面积减少 ,而耕地、建设用地、未利用地面积增加 。

A system combining remote sensing and GIS provides much higher efficiency and objectivity at lower cost than traditional methods for monitoring dynamic land use changes. Remote sensing was combined with a GIS to investigate the land-use/land-cover changes in the Yellow River basin. The land-use/land-cover data was abtained from LANDSAT TM Images using expert interpretation. A mathematical methodology was developed to analyze the land use changes. The method included a dynamic land use model, a land use changes model, a land use gravity-center model, and a land use transition model. These land use change models were used to analyze the land-use/land-cover changes in the Yellow River basin in recent ten years. The result shows that the grassland and forestland area gradually decrease while the cultivated land, built-up land and unused land area increase in the part ten years. Human activity is the main driving force for the land-use/land-cover changes in Yellow River basin.