东南丘陵土地利用变化及驱动力研究——以衡阳市为例

LAND USE CHANGES AND DRIVING FORCES IN SOUTHEAST HILLS OF CHINA ——A CASE STUDY OVER HENGYANG CITY

在GIS,Excel,SPSS11.0的支持下,以土地详查数据为依据,对衡阳市1994～2001年的土地利用变化过程进行了全面分析,揭示了衡阳市近七年来土地利用变化的时空特点,并分析了其主要原因。研究表明:(1)衡阳市1994～2001年耕地、未利用地面积总体减少,其他用地均有不同程度增加,土地利用类型变动的总体方向是:农用地和未利用地向建设用地转化,耕地向园地、水域转化,未利用地向林地转化。(2)衡阳市土地利用变化存在较大的时间和空间差异。时间上1997年前土地利用变化显著,1997年后变化较小;空间上以祁东县和衡阳市区变化较大,衡南县、南岳区变化较小。(3)人口因素、政策因素、经济因素是衡阳市土地利用变化的主要影响因素。1997年前后土地利用变化情况的差异主要由政策因素造就,地形地貌因素及经济因素则主导了区内空间差异的形成。

By using land use/cover change(LUCC) detailed survey data, the authors analyzed comprehensively the course of LUCC in Hengyang City during the period from 1994 to 2001. The spatial-temporal features of LUCC in the past seven years were revealed . The findings are as following: (1) Since 1994, the total amount of cultivated land and unused land reduced, but the others increased in various degrees. In general, agricultural land and unused land were transformed into constructed land while cultivated land was used as garden plot and water area and unused land became woodland. (2) There were obvious differences in LUCC before and after 1997. Great changes occurred before 1997 but much fewer after 1997. There were also some differences in LUCC among different counties of Hengyang City. The greatest change was observed in Qidong County and Downtown, and the smallest change in Hengnan County and Nanyue District. (3) The main reasons, influencing the distinct temporal and spatial differences were population increase, policy control and economy driving. It is mainly the policy factor which causes the temporal difference of land change of Hengyang City before and after 1997, and it is the terrain and relief factor and economic factor that cause the spatial difference of land use and land change in Hengyang City.