控释肥料对稻田氧化亚氮排放的影响

Effects of controlled release fertilizers on N 2O emission from paddy field.

采用静态箱法研究了控释肥料和常规肥料处理对华南赤红壤发育的稻田N2 O排放的影响 .结果表明 ,施用控释肥处理与非包膜复合肥处理 ,在水稻移栽后 10d内水层中NH4+ N和NO3 - N浓度间差异达极显著水平 ,各处理水层中NO3 - N浓度与 2d后或当天N2 O排放量间的偏相关系数达极显著水平 .包膜型控释肥比未包膜复合肥能极显著地降低稻田N2 O的排放量 .在施肥后 10 0d内 ,控释肥的N2 O累积排放量仅为未包膜型复合肥料的 13 4 5 %～ 2 1 2 6 % ,是尿素处理的 71 17%～ 112 4 7% .复合肥处理的N2 O排放主要集中在施肥后 1～ 2 5d和水稻晒田期间 ,控释肥在此时期的排放量显著降低 ,尿素处理则延缓并减小了N2 O排放峰 .控释肥一次施用和尿素分次施用都能减少N2 O排放 .

With close chamber method,this paper studied the effects of controlled release fertilizer (CRF),non-coated compound fertilizer (Com) and conventional urea (CK) on N 2O emission from paddy field. The results showed that within 10 days after transplanting,the ammonium and nitrate concentrations in the surface water of the plot treated with CRF were significantly different from those treated with Com. The partial coefficient between N 2O emission rates and corresponding nitrate concentrations in the water was significantly high (r=0.6834). Compared with Com,CRF was able to reduce N 2O emission from the paddy field. Within 100 days after basal application,the N 2O emission rate of treatment CRF was only 13.45%～21.26% of Com and 71.17%～112.47% of CK. The N 2O emission of Com was mainly concentrated in 1～25 d after basal fertilization and mid-aeration period,but that of CRF was remarkably lower during same period,while the peak of N 2O emission of CK was postponed and reduced. It was concluded that both one-time fertilization of CRF and several-time fertilizations of conventional urea were able to reduce N 2O emission from the paddy field.