碧塔海景区旅游活动对湿地生态环境影响研究

Impact of Tourist Activities on the Environment in Bitahai Lake Wetland Ecotourism Scenic Spot

碧塔海湿地是最能体现"香格里拉"意境的景区之一,它强烈地吸引着国内外游客,成为香格里拉风景区的重中之重。在野外调查与室内分析的基础上,分析了碧塔海旅游活动的时空分布特点及其对湿地土壤物理性质及植物的影响。结果表明,愈靠近旅游路线,旅游活动时间愈长,旅游活动对土壤性质和植物的影响愈大,但不同压力条件下,这种影响明显不同。因而应该积极采取措施保护该地湿地生态环境。

Bitahai lake wetland could incarnate the artistic conception of 'Shangri-La' in farthest. It attracts many tourists to visit every year. It is the most important spot of 'Shangri-La' ecotourism scenic region. Based on field investigation and analysis, the paper analyzed the temporal and spatial distribution of tourist' s activities and their impacts on environment factors (soils and plants, etc.). The results showed that the closer to tour routes and the longer the tourist' s activities last, the stronger the impacts of tourists' activities on the soils characteristics and plants characteristics are. In the same plot, the changes of soil characteristic are quite different under different types and intensity of stresses. The impacts of tourist's activities on vegetations include: vegetation removed, trample of horses and tourists, collection of tourists, nibble of horses, garbage thrown away by people, excrement of horses, and invasion of species. The negative impacts of tourism activities on environment would result in the loss of wetland landscape, biodiversity and ecotourism. Then, some measures on environmental protection of Bitahai lake wetland were represented in the article.