短道速度滑冰技术动作分析

The Analysis on Technical Movement of Short Track Speed Skating

对运动员的比赛动作进行了运动生物力学分析 ,得知在弯道弧顶 7m长的距离内 ,在高速滑跑的情况下 ,所有运动员都没有完整的单步 ,多数运动员以右单支撑进入该区域 ,以双支撑离开该区域。从身体姿势看 ,蹲屈姿势低 ,上体姿势高。所有运动员都以较低的上体姿势进入弧顶段而以较高姿势离开。身体倾角和蹬冰角越小 ,滑速越快。从弯道弧顶段的平均速度来看 ,女运动员 5 0 0 m的平均速度比 10 0 0 m要快 ,单支撑蹬冰阶段的平均速度比双支撑蹬冰阶段快 ,单支撑阶段的纵向蹬冰是弯道增速的主要动力来源。双支撑阶段的侧蹬冰仍是提高弯道速度的重要手段。双支撑阶段浮腿着冰较早 。

By using the method of biomechanics, the author finds out that in the distance of 7 meter curved arc peak with the condition of high speed skating, all skaters do not have perfect step. Most skaters come into this area by right holding on one leg, and leave here by holding on the double legs. Judging from the body posture, squatting posture is low, and upper body is high. All skaters enter the peak of arc with lower upper body posture, and leave with higher posture. The smaller the obliquity of body and angle of kicking, the faster the speed is. As far as the average speed at arc peak of curved lane, female skaters' average speed of 500 m is faster than that of 1000 m, and at the same time, the averagespeed at the stage of holding on one leg is faster than that of holding on the double leg. The longitudinal kicking of single holding on one leg is the main driving force source of acceleration at the curved lane. Doing a side-kicking at the stage of holding on the double legs is still the important means of promoting speed.