医疗固体废物处置方法探讨与研究

Methods for Disposal of Medical Solid Waste

目的 了解我市医疗固体废物排放量 ,考核使用后的一次性医疗用品集中消毒的效果 ,评价我市医疗固体废物管理试点工作。方法 对杭州市部分医院的医疗固体废物排放量进行跟踪调查 ;采用环氧乙烷 (EO)对使用后的一次性医疗物品进行集中消毒处理 ,并进行效果监测 ,开展医疗固体废物管理试点工作 ,进一步规范SARS固体废物的管理。结果 杭州市医疗单位医疗固体废物的平均排放量为每日 0 6 4kg/床 ;对使用后的一次性医疗用品采取EO集中消毒的方法是有效的、可行的 ;试点医院的结果表明 ,标准预防、隔离转移、单位计量技术的应用 ,对预防医院感染发生具有积极作用 ,杭州市实现了SARS固体废物的零排放。结论 杭州市的医疗固体废物处置方法是有效的、可行的 ,建议有关部门取消一次性医疗用品后毁形、浸泡消毒和“一对一”对换的做法。

OBJECTIVE Inspecting the cluster disinfecting effect of the disposable used medical articles, and appraising the management of medical solid waste (MSW), to investigate the quantity for MSW in Hangzhou City. METHODS To follow the quantity of MSW in hospitals in our city, adopting cluster disinfecting for the used disposable medical articles by ethylene oxide(EO), inspecting the efficacy of disinfection, making the experiments on the management of MSW. RESULTS The average quantity of MSW was 0.64kg/bed per day in our city. The results of efficacy of cluster disinfecting for disposable medical articles by EO were good. It indicated that the positive effect for the prevention of nosocominal infection by ”standard precaution”, ”isolated transportation” and ”unit calculation”. There was zero emission for SARS medical solid waste rubbish in our city. CONCLUSIONS The disposal method of MSW in Hangzhou City is effective and feasible. We suggest to revoke the decision for destroying disposable medical articles, immersing disinfecting and ”one vs one” exchange after it was used.