国有企业宏观效率论——理论及其验证

On the Macroscopic efficiency of State-owned Enterprises——Theory and Its Verification

在一个充满“次优问题”的世界中 ,宏观效率与微观效率并不一致。以往学界大都从新古典微观分析框架出发对国有企业做出非效率的判断 ,忽视了国有企业制度安排在宏观上的战略意义。然而从宏观上看 ,在实行后赶超战略的社会主义市场经济中 ,国有企业可以作为克服“市场失灵”和“政府失灵”的制度安排 ,可以成为“技术模仿、技术扩散和技术赶超”的中心 ,可以充当转型期“宏观经济的稳定者”、“社会福利和公共品的提供者 ,因而在宏观上是有效率的。

In a world full of the “second best approaches' the macro performance is not always identical with the micro performance. People in the economic circles have usually made their studies within the framework of neoclassic microanalysis and reached the conclusion that the Chinese state owned enterprises have a poor performance with no regard to the macro strategic significance of the institutional arrangements of these enter prises. From a macroscopic point of view, the state owned enterprises in a socialist market economy that pursues a catch up strategy as a newcomer serve as an institutional arrangement to overcome market failure and government failure, as a center of technical imitation, diffusion and advancement, and as a stabilizer of the macro economy and a provider of social welfare and public goods. They therefore have macroscopic efficiency.