价值发现、经济非均衡与企业家理论

Value Discovery, Economic Disequilibrium and Entrepreneur Theory

本文认为可以将企业的性质视为一个价值过程 ,但这意味着企业分析以价值机会为前提 ,而价值机会的存在意味着存在帕累托改进从而经济处于非均衡状态。本文论述了非均衡是经济的常态 ,并将企业家定义为非均衡经济中发现价值过程并通过企业实现价值过程的个人。按此逻辑 ,本文认为企业家的作用并非促进经济均衡 ,而是加剧经济非均衡 ,导致经济趋向均衡的自发力量 ,是竞争 ,即斯密的“看不见的手”。

This paper views the nature of the firm as a value process. This means that value opportunity is the premise of the analysis of the firm. However, the existence of value opportunity means that there exists Pareto improvement, and then the economy is in disequilibrium state. We demonstrate that disequilibrium is the normal state of economy, and define the entrepreneur as an individual who finds the value process in disequilibrium economy and realize it with the firm. According to this logic, we think that the function of entrepreneur isnt to motivate the economy to equilibrium, but to deepen the disequilibrium. The spontaneous force that drives the economy to equilibrium is competition, i.e., Smiths invisible hand.