历史中的“性别”解读——以孝子图像中女性形象为例

Gender in Chinese History: Anthropological Discussion with the Example of Female Figure among Filial Son/Daughter Pictures

以考古发现及古代流传的“孝子故事图像”为中心 ,讨论“二十四孝”形成过程中的女性形象及“社会性别”的历史与文化建构诸问题。其关注的要点有 :儒家伦理与行动———“孝道”中的女性形象 ;古代女性规范———“妇道”与“孝道”互渗中的女性性别建构。希望借助这个历史中的“性别”解读 ,拓展对中国妇女史、性别史以及两性关系等议题的讨论空间。

Based on the studies of “pictures of filial sons/ daughters” which were handed down from ancient times and discovered in Chinese ancient tombs, this article discusses about the female figure in the forming process of Er-Shi-Si-Xiao (Twenty-Four Filial Behaviors) culture and the issues of historical and cultural formation of “social gender”. The main points it focuses on are: Confucian ethics and action——female figure in “filial virtues”; and ancient specification of women——formation of female gender in the mutual infiltration between “filial virtues” and “female virtues”. Through this essay, the author hopes to broaden the discussion space for the topics of Chinese women history, gender history and the relationship between men and women.