豫麦54丰产性、稳产性、适应性及品质分析

Analysis of the Performance and Stability of Yield, Adaptability and Quality of Wheat Cultivar Yumai 54

为了全面解豫麦54的生产利用和育种价值,以1995-1998年河南省和黄淮南片小麦区域试验的结果为依据,通过产量、变异系数和回归系数对该品种和对照品种的丰产性、稳产性、适应性和品质进行分析比较。结果表明,豫麦54属于丰产、稳产型中筋品种,有较强的抗逆性与适应性,在产量结构三要素中,单位面积穗数对产量的贡献最大(0.5916),穗粒数次之(0.3606),千粒重最小(0.2634),增加穗数、提高穗粒数是其高产的关键。该品种产量主效应值大,品种×地点互作变异系数小,产量与环境的回归系数接近于1,在6 000-7 500 kg／hm2肥力水平下表现最好。

Using data of the regional trial of Henan province and South Region of Huanghuai drainage area in 1995 - 1998, the field performance and the breeding value of Yumai 54 were estimated by variation coefficient and regression coefficient, analysis and comparison on the high-yield stability and adaptability of Yumai 54 and CK. The results showed that Yumai 54 was a high-yield medium gluten wheat cultivar with good stability, relatively excellent adaptability and stress resistance. Of all three yield forming factors, the ear number per area made the biggest effect on the yield (0. 5916), the second was the grain number per ear (0. 3606) and the third was the 1000-grain wheat (0. 2634). Increasing the ear and the grain number was the key measure for high-yield. The genetic main effect of this cultivar was the primary factor affecting the yield. The variation coefficient of the cultivar and the location interactions were small and the regress coefficient of the yield and the environment was close to 1. The yield of Yumai 54 can reach 6 000-7 500 kg/hm2 under adaptive environment.