我国矿业城市持续发展的问题、成因与策略

Problems, Reasons and Strategies for Sustainable Development of Mining Cities in China

着眼于矿业城市的持续发展,论文对我国矿业城市问题产生的内外因进行了探讨,分析了矿业城市发展的经济效益,结合对矿业城市持续发展规律的理论思考和国内不同类型矿业城市的实证研究,提出了战略与对策。研究认为:①长期以来,没有处理好“矿”与“城”的关系是造成矿业城市问题的主要原因,而来自国内外的竞争更加剧了其与非矿业城市的发展差距;②矿业城市总体经济发展水平落后于全国城市平均水平。矿业城市经济效益存在规模收益递增,油气、钢铁城市发展状况相对较好;③矿业城市持续发展的前提是实现资本优势的转换,推动非矿经济的发展。

As a significant and necessitous issue,mining cities,especially the resource-exhausted ci-ties have already been given intensive attention by academic and governmental departments. From the perspective of sustainable development of mining cities,the intrinsic and extrinsic reasons for problems of mining cities are explored in this paper.Then,the economic benefits of mining cities are quantitatively analyzed using statistical data.Through the theoretical discussion of the sustainable development law of mining cities and demonstrative study on different types of mining cities in China,relevant strategies and measures are presented.The following conclusions are drawn: (1) The contradiction between cities and mining enterprises,which has been incorrect-ly dealt with for a long time,is the primary indigenous reason for the problems of mining cities.More seriously,the development gap,compared with non-mining cities,is becoming larger due to the domestic and international competitions.(2)As a whole,the level of economic development of mining cities,compared with the averaged level of countrywide cities,is lower.The economic benefit of miming cities is increasing owing to the economy of scale,and the economic situations of the oil-gots cities and iron-steel cities are comparatively better among all mining cities.(3)The premise that mining cities realize sustainable development is to fulfil the transformation of capital superiority so as to promote non-mining economy and substitute the mining economy step by step.