火生态学研究评述

A Review of Researches on Fire Ecology

火是生态系统的一个组成部分,火生态学是研究火烧影响及相关问题的学科,本文综述了火生态学的研究历史、研究方法和研究成果。

Fire ecosystem is an important normal natural environmental factor. Fire ecologyis a branch of science studying the correlation of changes of interrelated components of e-cosystem after the occurrence of a fire. Fire history is divided into three stages. A centurypassed before fire as a destructive factor was confirmed as a factor of disturbance. Fire e- cology contains the following aspects of research: (1) state of fire in each ecosystem; (2)the tolerance and adaptability mechanism of plant specics and community; (3) effect of fireon components of an ecosytem; (4) how to use fire as a means to manage ecosgntem.Researches show that different ecosystem has different state of fire. If a plant species candevelop anatomical and propagating mechanism for existence in a cyclic occurrence of fire,then the species will acquire the trait to increase the combustibility of a community throughnatural selection. Fire can produce extensive effects on an ecosystem. Humanity should striveto grasp the law of fire development and have it serve the humanity either for existence or indaily life.