世界云杉无性系林业发展现状

State of Development of Clonal Forestry of Picea asperata in the World

本文概述了世界上采用无性系选择和大量生产扦插苗方法来推行云杉无性系林业,以及加速实现云杉集约人工林良种化的发展和现状,介绍了一些国家广泛推行无性系林业的策略,并希望我国在吸收国外已有成功经验的基础上,能多快好省地开展我国云杉良种化事业,满足营造云杉集约人工林对良种的需要。

P. asperata is an important commercial species characterized by annual high yieldper unit area, good quality of wood and wide use in countries in west Europe, north Europe,Baltic countries, and in Russia and Canada. According to the biological characteristics ofeasy propagation of P. asperata, many countries are extending the method of geneticalimprovement for selection and utilization of its clones. It is a species in conifers that developsmost rapidly and is most effective in clonal forestry. But there are many obstacles to its utiliz-ation. Germany, England and Cannda adopt various measures to overcome these obstacles.Early selection is another key problem that should be tackled after the technique of P. asp-erata cuttings has been resolved. Through research and experiment, some materialsconcerning possible early selection of clones have bean accumulated. Compared to othercountries in the world, China lags behind in setting about the improvement of P. asperata.But by learning the valuable experience of other countries, we can obtain practical resultswith less input, and come up to the advanced world level in a relatively short time.