基于心理因素的机车乘务员组合研究

The Investigation on Psychological Factor of Locomotive Trainmen's Collocation

为探讨影响行车安全的主要心理因素和评价指标 ,用卡特尔的 1 6种人格因素调查问卷 ,对事故组、安全组 (各 2 0人 )各 1 0个 2人搭配机班乘务员进行测试和心理因素的定性、定量分析。结果发现 :事故组与安全组在敏感性、怀疑性及自律性方面具有显著性差异 ,P <0 0 5。而事故组与安全组各机班内 2人在次级因素内外向、怯懦与果断 2个指标上也有显著差异 ,P <0 0 5 ;次级因素心理健康状况、怯懦与果断、专业有成、管理事务真确可靠及新环境的学习成长能力方面以及根源因素乐群性、有恒性、怀疑性、稳定性、自律性方面 ,差异也都非常显著 ,P≤ 0 0 1 ;其次聪慧性、敢为性、世故性、实验性、独立性、紧张性 ,P <0 0 5 ,也都具有显著性差异 ,安全组均优于事故组。结论 :这些指标应列为机车乘务员职业适应性体检的心理卫生必检指标。

For discussing the psychological factor and appraisal guidelines which mainly influence the safety of driving, this paper uses the 16PF from Cartel to test on the two groups including 10 accident teams and the 10 safety teams, which is made up of 2 locomotive trainmen respectively. Then make some qualitative and quantitative analysis on the psychological factors. The result is found with the fact that there are distinct difference between distinctions of the accident teams and the safety teams in sub factors including the character about introversion or extroversion, cowardice and decision(P<0.05), primary factors including sensitivity, suspicion and self-discipline(P<0.05).And the safety teams have averagely advantages over the accident teams on many psychological factors. The factors consist of the sub factors including psychological health, cowardice and decision, succeed in working, trustiness and validity of management , the ability of studying and growing in the new circumstances, the primary factors including incline to group, work stably, suspicion, self-discipline(P≤0.01); and the less important ones such as brightness, act adventurously, worldlywise, radicalness, independence, intensity(P<0.05). In conclude, these guidelines are necessary to the psychological sanitation of the occupational adaptability test on the locomotive trainmen.