试论唐五代科举考试的锁院制度

Suo Yuan(锁院)System of Imperial Examination in Tang and Five Dynasties

中晚唐五代礼部贡院锁院制度已初步确立 ,由御史台执行锁院任务 ,在锁院期间主司不得随便出入贡院 ,不得与外界有文字往来。锁院的时间约在元日前后 ,考官出院的时间是在及第人看榜之日。礼部锁院制度的建立 ,应当是受吏部铨选锁院制度的影响。知贡举人选的确定时间一般在开科前一年的下半年 ,最早可到八月份。锁院制度的建立对保证科举制度公平进行 ,防止舞弊意义深远。

Suo Yuan(锁院)system in the place for imperial examination was established in the middle and late Tang and Five Dynasties.Yushitai (御史台) was incharge of Suo Yuan(锁院),and during the period of Suo Yuan(锁院)the examiners were not permitted to go out and come in,and to receive and write letters.The time of Suo Yuan(锁院)was around the first day of each month,and the time for examiners going out was the time for examinees looking the list of names posted up.The establishment of Suo Yuan(锁院)system has the great significance for guaranteeing the justice of imperial examination.