摘要
我国是继欧洲、北美之后 ,在世界上出现的第三大酸雨区。长江以南各省是我国酸雨的主要分布区。酸雨对陆地生态系统的危害日益严重。文章阐述了酸雨对农作物、森林、土壤和水生生物的影响及其经济损失的估算。并根据可持续发展的战略思想 。
South China has become the third largest region with heavy acid deposition after Europe and North America. The land seriously impacted by acid deposition has extended from 1 75 million km 2 in 1985 to 2 8 million km 2 in 1993. Acid deposition has serious damaged the terrestrial ecosystems. In this paper,the results of experimental and field studies on the impacts of acid deposition on agricultural crops, forests, soils and aquatic biota is reported. Annual economic losses in crops and forests due to acid deposition in 11 provinces of South China were estimated to be 4 26 billion Yuan (RMB) and 18 3 billion Yuan (RMB), respectively. Acid deposition in south China is typical “sulfuric acid type'. According to the view of sustainable development, some control strategies are brought forward:1. Strengthing environmental management, specifying acid deposition control area,and controlling and abating the total emission amount of SO 2.2. Employing practical techniques of clean coal, such as techniques of washing pyrite off from raw coal, industrial sulfur fixed briqutte, and abating sulfur from waste gas,etc.3. Developing alternative energy sources to replace coal, including hydroenergy, nuclear, solar and wind energy,etc.4. In acid deposition region of South China, selecting acid resistant crop and tree species to reduce agriculture and forestry losses, planting more green fertilizer crops, using organic fertilizers and liming to raise buffer capacities of soils. [espect
出处
《中国工程科学》
2000年第9期5-11,28,共8页
Strategic Study of CAE
