关于“尧都平阳”历史地望的再探讨——兼与王尚义先生商榷

Further Discussion about History Location of Pingyang(Yao’s Capital)——and Discussing with Wang Shangyi

史籍所见尧都之“平阳”是一个地理区域概念。“平阳”在今山西临汾市西南一带是可以肯定的。“王文”所采信的皇甫谧《帝王世纪》“帝尧始封于唐, 有徙晋阳, 及为天子, 都平阳。平阳即今晋阳, 即太原也”之说法根本就是错误的。考古学提供的一条重要线索, 陶寺遗址的地理位置与古文献记载的“尧都”地望相合, 其放射性碳素年代 (距今4200—4400年之间) 也与古史传说中“陶唐氏”兴盛的年代基本一致。先秦“太原”指晋南, 现在的太原是战国末期才出现的地名。太原始称晋阳则是汉以后的事。太原之“晋阳”没有早于春秋之前的考古发现。太原之“晋阳”与唐叔虞之封地无涉, 与“尧都平阳”更无涉。今临汾塔儿山周围的汾浍平原地带就是当年“唐尧”统治的“唐国”属地, 其“帝都”之墟当为今考古发现的山西襄汾之陶寺遗址。

Pingyang, the capital of “yao” in historical documents, just is the concept of geographical area. We assured that Pingyang lay on the southwest of Linfen, shanxi Province. Mr. Wang’s paper quotes “the Yao was awarded the chief of tang; he moved his clans to jinyang; when he is the emperor, his capital was Pingyang; so Pingyang Was Jinyan, Taiyuan now” of Huangpushi’s “emperor century”. Wang’s viewpoint is completely wrong. We had got an important clue from archaeological discoveries. The position of TaoSi site lies on the area of Yao capital in historical documents .From the carbon isotope analyze, we assured the TaoSi site had formed 4200—4400 ago. This is accordance to the legend of “TaoTang Shi” thriving. Before Qin Dynasty “Taiyuan” refer to the south of shanxi .But now “Taiyuan” appeared at the end of war dynasty. “Taiyuan” named Jinyang began to after Han Dynasty. Now we had not discovered the archaeological data that can prove “Taiyuan” named Jinyang began to before spring dynasty. “Taiyuan” named Jinyang has no relation with TangShuYu’s rewarded land or Pingyang, the capital of Yao. The country of tang governed by TangYao lied at the Linfen plain beside Ta’er Mountain of Linfen. His capital relied is Taosi site discovered at Xiangfen, shanxi Province.