我国东部底栖无脊椎动物主要分类单元耐污值

A study on tolerance values of benthic macroinvertebrate taxa in eastern China

根据采自安徽南部山区溪流、江苏南京秦淮河流域和紫金山地区小水体的 92个大型底栖无脊椎动物样本 ,以及文献记载的北京、天津、安徽、湖南和辽宁的 135个大型底栖无脊椎动物样本数据 ,用调整后的多样指数分级标准 :H'>4极清洁 ,3～ 4清洁 ,2～ 3轻污 ,1～ 2中污 ,<1重污 ,确定了 2 2 7个样本所在样点水质类型。采用 L enat(1993)耐污值计算法 ,共获得 81个分类单元的耐污值 ,其中昆虫纲鞘翅目 3科 2属 ,广翅目 1科 2属 ,蜉蝣目 7科 14属 ,翅目 2科 2属 ,毛翅目 6科 7属 ,蜻蜓目 3科1属 ,双翅目 3科 3亚科 12属 ,软体动物 2属 5种 ,环节动物 1属 4种 ,扁形动物 1属 ,甲壳动物 1属。根据采集经验和文献记载 ,核定了 73个分类单元 (科、属 )的耐污值 。

The tolerance values of benthic macroinvertebrates are widely used in water quality bioassessment. Two methods “expert opinions” and “objective statistical analysis” have been used in the derivation of the tolerance values of benthic macroinvertebrate taxa. The purpose of this paper was using the “objective statistical analysis” method proposed by Lenat to derive tolerance values of benthic macroinvertebrate taxa based on a set of 227 benthic macroinvertebrate samples in eastern China. Among them 56 samples were collected from mountain streams in southern Anhui Province, 36 samples were collected in rivers and small water bodies in Nanjing and its adjacent area, Jiangsu provice, and 135 samples were referenced from published papers, which were sampled from streams, rivers and small lakes of northern Anhui, and Liaoning, and Hu'nan provinces, Beijing and Tianjin cities. Water quality classification using the Shannon-Wiener index was adjusted into 5 categories: >4, excellent; 3～4, good; 2～3, good-fair; 1～2, fair and <1 poor. Scores 5, 4, 3, 2 and 1 were assigned as excellent, good, good-fair, fair and poor respectively. The abundance value for each taxon was classified into four scales: 0, 1～2, 3～9 and ≥10 , and coded in the computer system as 0, 1, 3 and 10, respectively. The average abundance value in each water quality category was calculated and converted into a cumulative percentile. A 75th percentile value was used for a taxon that had records >10 and a 50th percentile value for a taxon that had records within 5～10 as the preliminary tolerance value (0～4.5). Formula TV=2 (1.43preliminary TV-1.43) (Lenat, 1993) was used for conversion of preliminary tolerance values into tolerance values (0～10). A total of 81 tolerance values of macroinvertebrate taxa were acquired. Among them, two genera in 2 families of Coleoptera, 2 genera in 1 family of Megaloptera, 14 genera in 7 families of Ephemeroptera, 2 genera in 2 families of Plecoptera, 6 genera in 5 families of Trichoptera, 1 genus and 3 families of Odonata, 12 genera and 3 sub-families in 3 families of Diptera, 5 species in 2 genera of Mollusca, 4 species in 1 genus of Annelida, 1 genus in Crustacea and 1 genus in Turbellaria. In addition, tentative tolerance values were given to 73 macroinvertebrate taxa (families and genera) based on collection experience and reference data using “expert opinions”.