汽车尾气中铅对公路两侧土壤的污染特征

Pollution characteristics of lead in soils beside Road 102

采用一系列的实验室质量保证措施,利用统计学原理,研究了汽车尾气中铅对公路(以102国道长春至四平段远离城市且周围无工业点源为例)两侧土壤污染的程度,并分析了其分布水平.结果表明公路两侧土壤铅的污染在公路两侧30～35 m范围内较为严重,说明土壤主要受汽车尾气中铅的污染影响,而距公路75 m以外,汽车尾气中的铅对土壤基本无影响.对土壤铅含量垂直分布的研究表明,随着土壤深度增加,铅含量迅速减少,距地面10 cm以下时,即达到土壤背景值的下限.

In this paper, the pollution extent of the lead from vehicle exhaust on the roadside soils was studied and the lead distribution in the soils, which are located beside Road 102 without any influence from industrial pollutants around, was also investigated. The results indicate that most part of the lead from vehicle exhaust was precipitated in the range of 30~35 m from the road, and there was no affection on the soil from vehicle exhaust beyond 75 m from the road. The concentration of lead decreases rapidly with increasing of the depth of the soils and the lead concentration at 10 cm under the surface reaches the lower limit of its soil background, implying the pollution from vehicle exhaust lead mainly focusing on the surface soils.