云南红豆杉离体胚的培养

In vitro Embryo Culture of Taxus yunnanensis

在MS培养基上生长的云南红豆杉离体胚的萌发率较高 ,达 80 % ;成熟种子胚的萌发率高于未成熟胚 ;胚的萌发率随着种子贮存时间的延长而下降 ;胚乳有助于胚的萌发。胚培养 1个月左右可获得正常的红豆杉幼苗 ,成苗率 15 %～2 0 %。幼苗中的紫杉醇含量为 0 .0 0 4 % ,远远低于成年树皮中紫杉醇的含量 (0 .0 2 % )。

The germination rate of excised embryos of Taxus yunnanensis cultured on MS medium reached 80%. The bud forming rate of mature embryos was higher than that of immature embryos. The rate of embryo bud formation was reduced with increasing of embryo storage period. The endosperm was suitable for the embryo bud formation. Normal seedlings were obtained after embryos culture for about 30 d, the rate of seedlings formation was about 15%～20%. The taxol content in seedlings was 0.004%, and much lower than that in the barks of mature trees.