论体育资源配置模式——社会经济条件变革下的中国体育改革(一)

ON FORMAT FOR SPORT RESOURCES DISTRIBUTION──Sport reform under the social-economic transformation in China(Ⅰ)

一国体育资源的配置涉及到资源的种类、来源、影响因素和资源投入后的最终产品等诸多因素及这些因素的互动。该研究的逻辑起点是体育产品(产出),体育产出可简化为:(1)国民健康水平的提高;(2)国家竞技实力的增强。体育产出具有鲜明的社会公益性和巨大的市场开发性。体育产品的这种社会价值与商业价值共存,社会福利性与商业开发性共存的双重特性,是体育资源合理配置的难点之所在。影响体育资源配置的基本因素主要是环境因素、思想认识、组织形式。

Distribution of sport resources involves many factors like resources' types, input channels, influential elements and outputs as well as interactions among those factors. This study starts from focusing the sport outputs. In general sport outputs in a society can be simplified into two aspects: improvement of citizens' health status and competitive edge of sport performance. Sport output is characterized with the dual features of social welfare and commodities and interlinked by profiting and non-profiting values. The difficulties of distribution of sport resources lie in the dual natures of sport outputs. The influential elements of sport resources distribution are environment, philosophies, organizational patterns and legal aspects.