限权与分权:刑事法治视野中的警察权

Restrictions and Separation of Power: Police Power in Criminal Justice

警察权存在的正当根据在于维护社会治安 ,其行使应遵从公共原则、责任原则、比例原则和程序原则。我国现有的警察权设置具有垄断、广泛、重大的特征 ,对此应通过分权实现对警察权的限制 ,将行政警察与司法警察分立 ,行政警察内部再根据职责分工进一步分立。警察权的合理构造有赖于侦羁分离和侦鉴分离的实现 ,需要强调控辩平衡和司法审查 ,以最终符合刑事法治的要求。

The legitimacy of police power should be based on society safeguard and it is necessary for the police power to conform to public principle, responsible principle, proportional principle and procedural principle. After the present condition of police power in China is examined in detail, the separation of power can be realized by restriction to the police power and differing the administrative police from the judicial police. In order to construct police power reasonably, the power should be checked according to the conditions of criminal justice.