1993年中国对虾暴发性流行病病原初步研究

A Preliminary Study on the Epidemic and Violent Disease of Penaevs chinensis in 1993

在患暴发性流行病病虾肝胰腺及中肠超薄切片中看到有包膜的杆状病毒颗粒，长２５０～２７０ｎｍ、宽７０ｎｍ左右。将除菌病虾组织浆悬液注射健康虾，可引起发病死亡，症状与自然发病虾相仿。因此，杆状病毒是中国对虾暴发性流行病的病原。同时在活检时发现病虾肝胰腺及心脏压片中有较多细菌，将未除菌病虾组织浆悬液注射健康虾，比注射除菌病虾组织浆悬液的虾死亡早而迅速，所以受病毒感染后再继发细菌感染将加快病情恶化和死亡。经投喂病虾肝胰腺及用除菌病虾组织浆悬液浸泡健康虾，均可引起对虾发病死亡，所以我们初步认为该病毒是通过口及接触而感染。

Baculovirus with envelope about 250-270 nm in length,70nm in width was observed in the ultra-thin sections of hepatopancreas and mid-gut.Dis-ease and death will occur in the healthy Penaeus chinensis injected with homogenat-ed tissue suspension eliminated bacteria from the diseased shrimps.The symptom was similar to that of the naturally injected shrimp.Therefore, baculovirus was the pathogen of this disease. When checking up on site,it was found that there were a lot of bateria in hepatopancreas and hearts.The healthy shrimps injected with homogenated tissue suspension of diseased ones died earlier and quicker than that injected with same suspension but eliminated bacteria.So,if shrimps injected with virus,then reinfected with bacteria, its be worse and died quickly. Both feeding with hepatopancreas and immersing in same suspension e-liminated bacteria of diseased shrimps can cause P. chinensis infection and death.Therefore,this disease would be infected through mouth and contact.