不同地形和下垫面对冬季地中海气旋发展影响的数值模拟

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE DIFFERENT OROGRAPHY AND UNDERLYING SURFACE ON DEVELOPMENT OF A WINTER MEDITERRANEAN CYCLONE

通过数值模拟方法对一个冬季地中海气旋发生和发展的可能机制进行了研究。控制试验和对比试验结果指出，阿尔卑斯山背风坡是气旋的有利生成地；但阿尔卑斯山和阿特拉斯山的存在与否，对冬季地中海气旋发展的影响不大。下垫面替代试验结果指出，冬季地中海作为一个非绝热加热源，对其气旋的发展有着十分重要的作用；当以陆面或沙漠代替地中海面时，则气旋的发展显著减弱。地形替代试验结果指出，当青藏高原移到地中海西部，并且二者配合适当时，则会加强冬季地中海气旋的发展。

A possible mechanism for the genesis and development of a winter Mediterranean cyclone was investigated through a method of a numerical model and simulation The results of both the control and constrast experiments indicated that the lee side of the Alps was in favour of the genesis of the cyclone;however,without substantial effect on development of the winter Mediterranean cyclone when there are or without both the Alps and the Atlas The experimental results of replacing underlying surfaces showed that the Mediterranean Sea in winter, which as a diabatic heating source,played an important role for development of this cyclone;the developing intensity of Mediterranean cyclone was markedly weakened when the Mediterranean Sea was replaced by the land or desert The experimental results of replacing orography indicated that the development of the Mediterranean cyclone was obviously intensified when the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau was moved to locate at the west Mediterranean Sea and to match properly between the moved Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and Mediterranean Sea