中国牦牛（Bos　grunniens）前肢脚部动脉的构筑研究

RESEARCH ON THE ARTERY OF CRANIAL FEET OF THE CHINESE YAK

本文解剖观察牦牛前肢脚部动脉构筑标本１０例、黄牛１０例。结果是：１、中国牦牛前肢脚部掌侧动脉主干为正中动脉、指掌侧第Ⅲ总动脉、在近指节骨远端指掌侧第Ⅲ总动脉分为第Ⅲ、Ⅳ指掌侧固有轴动脉，经远指节骨的轴孔入骨质管。２、指掌侧第Ⅲ总动脉在近指节骨中部分出近指节背侧支（即指间动脉）和左右掌侧支；掌侧支分别与指掌侧第Ⅱ、Ⅳ总动脉吻合形成近指节深弓。指掌侧第Ⅲ总动脉在近指节骨远端分出动脉总干（有时为左右动脉干），自总干或干上分出指枕支和蹄冠动脉。指枕支伸至蹄球、蹄底真皮；蹄冠动脉沿蹄冠沟伸至蹄壁真皮。３、第Ⅲ、Ⅳ指掌侧固有轴动脉在骨质管中分支经蹄骨上许多骨孔走出，在蹄真皮中与指枕支、蹄冠动脉分支呈稠密网状吻合。４、指掌侧第Ⅱ、Ⅳ总动脉分别来自掌浅弓和掌深弓，分支至２、５指后，在近指节骨中部参与构成近指节深弓。５、牦牛前脚掌部背侧的血管来自腕背动脉网、掌心深内、外侧动脉、近穿支和远穿支；在指部背侧的血管来自指间动脉、中指节背侧支和蹄冠动脉。

The artery of cranial feet of 12 chinese yak and 10 oxen were studied by dissection.The results are mentioned as foolows:1.Main truct of the metacarpos volar artery of crenial feet of the chinese yak is the median artery and palmar common digital artery Ⅲ Near the distal part of the preximal phalanx,the palmar common digigtal artery Ⅲ divide into axial palmar properl digital arteries Ⅲ and Ⅳand they enter the distal phalanx through formen on the axial side of the distal phalanx.2:In middle of the proximal phalanx, the dorsal branch (interdigital) artery the left and right palmax branch of the proximal phalanx arises from the pamar common gigital artery Ⅲ. The left andd right palmar branch anastomoses with palmar common digital arteries Ⅲ and Ⅳ and forms the proximal deep arch. The common trunk of the tori-coronal artery arieses from the palmax common digital artery Ⅲ, where it be divided into tori artery and coronal artery . Tori artery supplies the skin of the bulb and pododerm .Coronal artery supplies pododerm. 3.Axid palmax proper diggital arteries Ⅲ and Ⅳ entery the distal phalanx through axial foramen and anastomos with the tori and coronal arteries in the pododerm.4.Palmax common digital arteries Ⅱand Ⅳ aries from the pelmax superfieial arch and the palmax Profond arch.where if divide branches into 2 and 5 digitala.in the middle of the proximal phalanx palmar common ddigital arteries Ⅱ and Ⅳ anastomoses With the left and right paimax bronch of proximal phalanx of palmax common digital artery Ⅲ and forms the proximal phalanr deep arch.5.The meacarpal dorsal artery of thhe cranial feet of the chinese yak is dorsal carpal tete,metacarp palmar Ⅱ and Ⅴ arteries, ramus perforan proximal and ramus preforan distal. In the dorsal digital, it is the into rdigital artery,ramus dorsal phalanx medial and toricoronal arteries. It supply the dorsal sufface of the palmar and diggital.