窖泥微生物群落的研究及其应用

Research on Microflora in Pit Mud and Its Application

窖泥微生态系统是由厌氧异养菌、甲烷菌、己酸菌、乳酸菌、硫酸盐还原菌和硝酸盐还原菌等多种微生物组成的微生物共生群落系统。在该微生物群落中随窖池层次分布顺序的不同和窖泥的化学生态的不同,菌类菌种呈现明显的区别。浓香型白酒的固态发酵过程就是一个典型的微生态群落的演替过程和各菌种间的共生、共酵、代谢调控过程。该过程不但对微生态群落中的菌种演替具有反馈抑制作用,而且直接影响白酒的产量和质量。研究和应用微生物生态学理论,对人工窖泥培养和提高白酒固态发酵质量具有指导意义。(孙悟)

Microflora in pit mud is composed of multiple microbes including anaerobe, methane bacteria, hexoic acid bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, sulfate reducing bacteria and nitrate reducing bacteria etc. Microbial species present distinct difference with the variation of pits layer distribution sequence and the change of chemical ecology of pit mud. Solid fermentation process of Luzhou-flavor liquor is actually the typical substitution process of microflora and the syngenesis,co-fermentation and metabolism process of all the microbial species. Such process not only has feedback and inhibition effects on microbial substitution but also directly influence liquor yield and liquor quality. Research on microecosystem and utilization of relative theories has positive effects on manmade pit mud culture and improvement of liquor quality by solid fermentation. (Tran. by YUE Yang)