深部开采软岩巷道耦合支护数值模拟研究

Numerical Simulation Research on Coupling Support Theory of Roadway With in Soft Rock at Depth

通过对深部开采软岩巷道的变形破坏机理的研究发现,巷道变形破坏主要是由于支护体力学特性与围岩力学特性在强度、刚度以及结构上出现不耦合所造成的;且变形首先从关键部位开始,进而导致整个支护系统的失稳.因此,要保证深部软岩巷道围岩的稳定性,必须实现支护体与围岩的耦合.数值模拟研究表明,当锚杆与围岩在刚度上实现耦合时,能最大限度地发挥锚杆对围岩的加固作用;当锚网与围岩在强度上实现耦合时,将会使围岩的应力场和位移场趋于均匀化;当锚索与围岩在结构上耦合时,可以充分利用深部围岩强度来实现对浅部围岩的支护.实践证明,软岩巷道耦合支护可以有效解决深部开采软岩巷道支护问题.

After researching on the deformation and failure mechanism, the failure reason of roadway within soft rock at depth is the uncoupling of mechanics characters between the support and surrounding rock. The key position of the roadway is deformed firstly, then the whole support system is destroyed. By the numerical simulation analysis, the maximum strengthening effect of bolt on surrounding rock can be realized with the rigidity coupling between bolt and surrounding rock; the stress field and deformation field will be droved to uniform with the strength coupling support between bolt-mesh and surrounding rock; the reinforcing support to surrounding rock can be realized by using inner rock strength with the construction coupling between anchor and surrounding rock. According to the engineering practice, the coupling support technique can resolve the support problem of roadway within soft rock at depth.