转外源凝集素基因棉花对棉蚜的抗性鉴定

Identification of Aphis(Aphis gossypii Glover.) Resistant of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) with Trans-exogenous Agglutinin Gene

转外源凝集素基因棉花工程植株在蚜虫发生期稳定地表现出抗蚜性状,转化一代群体抗、感植株分离比例符合3∶1,抗蚜基因是以单一位点整合到棉花染色体组中。经过 4 个世代的抗蚜鉴定、自交纯合和选择,获得遗传组成纯合的转基因抗蚜虫棉花新品系。对3个转外源凝集素基因棉花品系、2个形态抗蚜品种(系)和 6 个常规品种(系)进行抗蚜性鉴定。结果表明,3个转外源凝集素基因品系对棉蚜的抗性均达到高抗水平;川抗 77 在生育期内均中抗棉蚜,川棉109在苗蚜期和恢复期感蚜,而在伏蚜期中抗棉蚜;6 个常规品种(系)皆高感棉蚜。利用三种接蚜处理对不同类型抗蚜品种(系)进行鉴定的结果相同,繁殖行间自然传播蚜虫省略人工接蚜环节,是开展转基因棉花抗蚜性鉴定的一种简便、高效的方法。

During aphis occurring period, aphid-resistant character can express stably in engineering plants of trans-exogenous agglutinin gene cotton. The segregation proportion of the first transformed generation population accords with 3∶1, the aphis-resistant gene is integrated into cotton genome with single locus. New varieties of transgenic cotton resistant to aphis can be obtained by successive with identification, selfing and selection through four generations. With the experimental materials of three cotton varieties with trans-exogenous agglutinin gene, two morphological aphis-resistant cultivars and six conventional cultivars, identification on transgenic cotton resistant to aphis are dealt with in this study. The results indicated that three transgenic varieties are highly resistant to aphis, Chuankang 77 is in the middle level of resistance to aphis during growth and development periods, Chuanmian 109 is sensitive to aphis in seedling stage and recovery stage, but expresses middle resistance in midsummer stage, six conventional cultivars are highly susceptible. The results are same through three different kinds of aphis transferred pathway using two different kinds of varieties resistant to aphis, one being transgenic, the other being morphological. Identification on transgenic cotton resistance to aphis in net-room overcomes randomicity of aphis distribution in field identification and limitation of small acreage in greenhouse identification, with better repeat and higher differentiation than others. Natural immigration between its reproductive rows is a convenient and high efficiency pathway for aphis transference in resistance identification, because the program of aphis manual transference was omitted in this pathway.