摘要
对高原型和山谷型藏山羊的体态、被皮、解剖、生理和生化遗传标记等生态特征的比较研究表明:高原型比山谷型藏山羊体格较大;毛被白色者较多、毛丛较长、单位皮肤面积次级毛囊较多,产线量高;气管、肺和心脏较发达;血液中RBC、WBC、Hb均较高;体温、皮温均较低,两型藏山羊的Hb、Alb、Am经电泳均显示一条带,无多态性,高原型藏山羊的Tf有3种基因型,即AA、AB、BB,而山谷藏山羊Tf只有两种基因型,即AA、AB。基因频率经x检验差异不显著(P>0.05)。两型藏山羊的AKP同工酶均有两种基因型,即AKPF和AKPO,AKP基因频率经x检验差异不显著(P>0.05),不论是高原型还是汕谷型藏山羊的ES同工酶均有多态性,都有3个带,但两者的E_s同工酶带有明显差异,区带-Ⅱ-2、带-Ⅲ-3、带-Ⅱ-4、带-Ⅲ-2对应比较,差异极显著(>0.01);带-Ⅰ-1、带-Ⅰ-3、带-Ⅲ-1对应比较差异显著(P<0.05),高原型和山谷型山羊的LDH同工酶均有5条带,其活力顺序均为LDH_1>LDH_3>LDH_2>LDH_5>LDH_4,各带对应比较,两个生态类型藏山羊间LDH_1、LDH_2活力差异极显著(P>0.01);?
The comparative studies on the ecological characteristics of plateau-type and mountain-valley-type Tibetan goats such as tody furmation,hair coat,skin,disscction,physiology and biochemcalgenetical marker,etc. indicate that as for the plateau-type Tibetan goats, their body size is greater,thestaple is longer,he number of secondary fullicle in per unit area of skin is more,the yield of fine hairis higher,and the development of the trachea ,lung and heart is better compared with those of themountain-valley-type Tibetan goats. The RBC and WBC as well as the content of Hb in the former arehigher than those in the latter,but the rectal temperature and skin surface temperature of the formerare lower than those of the latter.The electrophoresis of Hb,ALb and Am in goats of both types showthat there is only one phenotype, and they have no polymorphism, The Tf of plateau-type goats hasthree-genotypes(AA , AB and BB ),and that of mountion-valley-type goats has two genutypes(AA,AB). The differences of gene frequencies of Tf in goats of both are insignificant(P>0.05).The AKPof goats of both types has two genotypes(AKPF and AKPO).The difference of gene frequency ofAKP in two types is insignificant(P>0. 05 ).The Es in both types has polymorphism. It could bedivided into three zones(Es-Ⅰ,Es-Ⅱ and Es-Ⅲ), the differences of Es zones between goats of bothtypes are significant(P<0. 05 or P<0. 01).The LDH uf goats of both types could be divided into fivezones,the activity sequence of LDH is LDH_1>LDN_3>LDN_2>LDH_5>LDH_4;the differences ofactlvity of LDH_1 and LDH_2 between the eculogical types are very slgnificant(P<0.01) , that of LDH_3 issignificant(P< 0. 05)and those of LDH_4, LDH_5 are insignificant(P<0. 05 ).The average geneticheterozygcaity of five loci(Hb , Tf, ALb , AKP and Am)of the plateautype goat is 0.0956,and theaverage genetic homogeneity is 0. 9 044,and those of the mountuin-valley-type goats are 0.0675 and0.9325 respectively.
出处
《西南民族学院学报(自然科学版)》
1994年第3期293-298,共6页
Journal of Southwest Nationalities College(Natural Science Edition)
基金
国家自然科学基金
关键词
高原型
山谷型
藏山羊
生态特征
plateau type,mountain-valley type,Tibetan goat,ecological characteristics