社会发展与科技进步对农牧交错带土地利用方式变化驱动研究综述

Study on Land Use Changes Driven by Social Development and Science-Technology Progress in Farming-Grazing Transitional Belt

土地利用方式的变化是影响全球变化的因素之一,位于中国北方的农牧交错带是土地利用方式变化最为明显的地区。该文根据前人研究成果,并结合对农牧交错带的实地调研结果,将引起农牧交错带土地利用方式变化的因素总结为三大类18个影响要素。各要素对土地利用方式变化的驱动均产生一定的影响,通过对其进行分析总结发现土地利用方式变化驱动的因素均与社会发展和技术进步有关。在土地利用方式变化的驱动过程中,各种因素对土地利用方式的驱动方向和程度不同,这主要取决于不同地区的环境特点和具体农牧业生产过程。在社会发展中必须制定相关引导政策,利用不断进步的科技水平,对土地利用方式进行良性驱动,这种驱动的结果使生态环境得到改善,土地资源得以持续利用,否则,将会导致一系列生态和社会问题。

The way that land is used is one of the major factors affecting global changes. And the land use changes are the most prominent in the farming-grazing transitional belt in North China. The paper, based on some others' previous research results and the authors' own field investigations conducted in the belt, summarizes the factors affecting land uses changes in the belt into three categories with 18 elements, each of which has a certain influence on the force driving the changes of land uses. The study finds that though the driving elements are varied they are all related to the social development and science-technology progresses. The land use changes are driven by different factors in different directions and to different extents in the course of alterations depending on the environmental features and specific farming-grazing production procedures in different areas. Positive driving forces in land use changes should be made full use of with the progressing of technology so that the driven result should be the steady improvement of ecosystem and sustainable use of land resources. Otherwise a series of ecological and social problems would occur.