常规关系与认知化——再论常规关系

Cognitivization and Stereotypical Relation: stereotypical relation revisited

本文讨论常规关系与认知化的问题。本文所说的“认知化”是专指这样的情况:某一因素被涉及进入认知科学所定义的认知活动并起重要作用,这一因素就“认知化”了,成为认知活动的认知工具。常规关系就是这样一个被认知化了的因素。从广义的认知活动来说,常规关系是人类以概念范畴掌握世界的认知工具;从言语交际理解这一特定的认知活动来说,常规关系成为理解话语的认知工具,特别作用于话语的隐性表述。常规关系可进一步抽象成常规范型,常规范型的形成可能经历四个阶段:经验运算——关系抽象——范型结晶——同化经验成为范畴。

This paper discusses issues of the cognitivization of stereotypical relation (SR). Cognitivization defined in this paper specifically refers to the process of involvement of a certain factor in cognitive activity. Stereotype (ST), the typification of SR(s), serves in general cognitive activities as the methodological tool in understanding the world in the way of conceptual category, and it is, in the case of the cognitive activity of verbal communization, the methodological tool in understanding discourse, acting specifically on the implicit expression within the discourse. The shaping in the speaker抯 mind of ST undergoes the following stages: calculation of empirical experiences — abstraction of relations — formation of ST — fossilization of conceptual category.