硼、钼营养对甘蓝型油菜产量和品质影响的研究

Effect of boron and molybdenum on yield and quality of two rapeseed cultivars

采用盆栽试验方法,研究施硼、钼和硼钼配施对两个油菜品种种子产量和品质的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,两品种3个处理(+B、+Mo、+B+Mo)的子粒产量均有显著的增产作用,中双6号(双低品种)增幅均达到显著水平,其中以+Mo处理增产效果最好;中油821(双高品种)+B和+B+Mo处理的增幅高于+Mo处理。单施硼肥(+B)和钼肥(+Mo),中双6号增产效果高于中油821;硼、钼配施(+B+Mo),中油821的增产效果好于中双6号。两个油菜品种含油量显著高于对照,其中+Mo处理增幅最大,中油821以+B处理增幅最大,但处理间差异均不显著;芥酸含量较对照明显下降,中双6号以+Mo和+B+Mo处理降低显著,分别下降了1 0和0 8个百分点,中油821下降幅度为1 4～6 4个百分点,以+B、+B+Mo处理下降较为显著;中双6号硫甙含量较对照下降1 5%～13 1%,其中+Mo和+B+Mo处理差异显著,中油821降幅为9 0%～29 1%,差异均达显著水平。本文的研究结果表示,硼、钼营养有利于油菜子粒产量的提高和品质的改善,但影响的程度在不同品种中存在差异。

Pot culture was conducted to study the effect of boron and molybdenum on seed yield and oil quality of two rapeseed (Brassica napus)cultivars[double low(low erucic acid content, low glucosindate content)cultivar: Zhongshuang 6 and double high cultivar: Zhongyou 821]. The results showed that comparing with CK, the 3 treatments(+B、+Mo、+B+Mo) had significant effects on seed yields of Zhongshuang 6 and Zhongyou 821. The +Mo treatment had the best response on the yield of Zhongshuang 6, but for Zhongyou 821, +B or +B+Mo treatment had better response than (+Mo) treatment. Single supplying B or Mo, the production increase effect of Zhongshuang 6 was better than that of Zhongyou 821, while for +B+Mo treatment, the effect of the latter was better than that of the former. The oil content of two cultivars in the 3 treatments were significantly higher than CK, the rate of increase in oil production of Zhongshuang 6 and Zhongyou 821 was ranged 4.3%～5.1% and 5.7%～6.2%, respectively. There was no significant difference among 3 treatments. For Zhongshuang 6 and Zhongyou 821, the highest amount of increase in (production) was got in +Mo and +B treatment, respectively. Erucic acid content of the two cultivars in 3 treatments (decreased) compared with CK, for Zhongshuang 6, erucic acid content in +Mo and +B+Mo treatments decreased by 34.62% and 27.62%, respectively. For Zhongyou 821, the rate of decreased scope was between 3.2% and 13.8%. There were a significant decrease in glucosindate content for +B and +B+Mo treatments. Glucosindate content (decreased) compared with CK, the decreasing scope of Zhongshuang 6 was between 1.54% and 13.1%. There was a significant difference between +Mo and +B+Mo treatment, and the decreasing scope of Zhongyou 821 was between 9.0% and 29.1%.The results in this study showed that B or Mo nutrition had a positive correlation with seed yield and oil content, however, the effect on increasing seed yield and improving quality was different among various cultivars.