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技术与组织的互构——以信息技术在制造企业的应用为例 被引量:217

Inter-Construction between Technology and Organization: A case of information technology application in manufactories
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摘要 在讨论技术与组织关系的研究中 ,有两种基本的理论模型 ,一为技术对组织的建构 ,认为技术引入组织后会重塑组织的结构或影响组织结构的变迁 ;另一为社会对技术的建构 ,认为技术是否适用取决于技术是否适应组织的结构 ,因而组织既有的结构直接影响了技术的创新。这两种模型均因为忽视了技术的实践性而没有获得技术与组织关系的机制。通过对传统制造企业引入信息技术过程的研究 ,我们发现技术与组织的关系是一个技术提供方和技术使用方之间相互建构的过程。信息技术因其技术结构性而具有组织刚性 ,同时也因其细节的可塑性而具有组织弹性 ;同样 ,组织结构也具有技术刚性和弹性的两面。既有的组织因为信息技术的组织刚性而产生结构重组 ;同时 ,建构中的技术也会因为组织结构的技术刚性而被修订或改造。由此 ,形成了技术与组织之间的相互建构。信息技术的应用是否成功既取决于技术本身的可互构性 ,也取决于组织结构的可互构性。 There are two theoretical approaches in studies on relationship between technology and organizations. One emphasizes impacts of technology on organizational reconstruction, the other focuses on organizational structure that shapes technology. Study on IT (e.g. ERP) application in traditional manufactories shows that neither technology determinates organizational structure, nor organizational structure shapes technology. With perspective of practiceness of technology, this paper argues that technology and organization are inter constructed in IT diffusion with rigidity and flexibility in both technology and organization, inter construction of technology and organizations determines their relationships.
作者 邱泽奇
出处 《社会学研究》 CSSCI 北大核心 2005年第2期32-54,243,共24页 Sociological Studies
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