鸡肿瘤病快速鉴别诊断试剂盒及其应用研究

Kit for Rapid Differential Diagnosis of Avian Tumors and Its Applications

建立快速鉴别诊断鸡肿瘤病的聚合酶链式反应技术并研制成配套的诊断试剂盒。应用该试剂盒及其配套的操作程序 ,在 2 0 0 0年 5月～ 2 0 0 4年 7月检测来源于广西 6个地区 2 0 2个禽群共 6 85羽病、死鸡和火鸡的肿瘤和可疑肿瘤组织病料以及来源于安徽省不同地区的 4 6个鸡群的疑似肿瘤病、死鸡 30 5羽 ;同时 ,检测广西、安徽、山东、河南主要养鸡地区临床表现为生长缓慢、消瘦、贫血、疫苗免疫应答不佳、发病率和死亡率偏高等疑为免疫抑制状态的 15 4个鸡群中的 6 4 4羽病、死鸡。结果 ,在肿瘤和可疑肿瘤病料的检测中 ,马立克氏病、网状内皮增生症和禽白血病的阳性率分别为 5 7.17%、11.84 %和 5 .4 7% ,其中二重、三重混合感染总检测率为 16 .2 5 %。在疑似免疫抑制性疾病病料的检测中 ,3种鸡肿瘤病的阳性率分别为 2 8.2 6 %、7.4 5 %和 4 .19% ,其中二重、三重肿瘤病以及与其它免疫抑制性疾病的混合感染率达 35 .92 %。建立的鸡肿瘤病快速鉴别诊断程序及试剂盒 ,操作简便快捷、结果准确可靠、保存方便、检测成本低 ,适用于临床鸡肿瘤病的鉴别诊断 ,对鸡肿瘤病的流行病学调查、免疫抑制病检测以及兽医检疫有重要价值。

Marek's disease (MD),reticuloendotheliosis (RE) and avian leukosis (AL) are the most common tumors in chickens.A rapid differential diagnosis protocol and a detection kit for avian tumors,which based on multiplex PCR technique was developed.Tumor/suspect tumor samples of 685 chickens and turkeys from 202 flocks in Guangxi and samples of 175 chickens from 38 flocks in Anhui were detected by using the diagnosis kit and the protocol.And 644 chickens from 154 flocks with immunosuppressive diseases collected from Guangxi,Anhui,Henan and Shandong were also detected.MD was the most common tumor in the survey (57.17% and 28.26% positive of the birds with tumors and immunosuppressive diseases, respectively); RE was the second common one (11.84% and 7.45%, respectively) and then was AL (5.47% and 4.19%, respectively). Dual, triple and multiple infections were common in the birds detected (16.25% and 35.92% positive of the birds with tumors and immunosuppressive diseases, respectively). The results demonstrated that our detection kit and the protocol was a simple, rapid, inexpensive and reliable tool for the differential diagnosis of avian tumors.They will play an important role in epidemiological investigation,detection of vaccine contamination with REV and ALV,and veterinary quarantine for avian tumors and immunosuppressive diseases.