Cr^(6+)、Zn^(2+)、Hg^(2+)对凡纳滨对虾幼虾急性毒性和联合毒性研究

Study on the acute toxicity and joint toxicity of Cr^(6+) , Zn^(2+),Hg^(2+) acting on Litopenaeus vannamei juvenile

2004 年8 月在浙江华兴海水种苗有限公司以养殖日龄40 d 的凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeusvannamei)幼虾作为实验动物,开展了Hg2+、Zn2+、Cr6+对凡纳滨对虾幼虾的急性毒性和加和等毒性强度联合毒性试验。结果表明,Hg2+对凡纳滨对虾幼虾24、48、72、96 h的半致死质量浓度分别为0. 415、0 .357、0 .264、0 .209 mg/L;Zn2+对凡纳滨对虾幼虾24、48、72、96 h的半致死质量浓度分别为35. 362、22 .709、17 .041和13 .569 mg/L;Cr6+对凡纳滨对虾幼虾24、48、72、96 h的半致死质量浓度分别为40. 892、27. 498、21.635 和13 .573 mg/L。凡纳滨对虾幼虾对Cr6+、Zn2+、Hg2+96 h安全质量浓度分别为0 .136、0 .136 和0 .002 1 mg/L。各重金属离子毒性大小依次为Hg2+ >Zn2+≈Cr6+。Hg2+ Zn2+、Hg2+ Cr6+ 对凡纳滨对虾幼虾的96 h 联合急性毒性表现为协同作用。Zn2+ Cr6+对凡纳滨对虾幼虾的96 h联合急性毒性表现为,低毒性强度的Zn2+ 对Cr6+ 具拮抗作用,低毒性强度的Cr6+则对Zn2+具加和作用,而当Zn2+与Cr6+毒性强度相当时表现为相互独立作用。并就Hg2+、Zn2+、Cr6+对凡纳滨对虾幼虾的急性致毒效应特征,凡纳滨对虾幼虾对Hg2+、Zn2+、Cr6+的安全浓度以及重金属离子间联合毒性效应进行了分析与探讨。

The thesis studied on the acute toxicity and joint toxicity of Cr 6+ ,Zn 2+ ,Hg 2+ acting on Litopenaeus vannamei, 40d juvenile of which acted as an object of study with the water temperature of 29~31℃,in HuaXing Breeding Ltd in August 2004 .The results showed that the median lethal concentrations(LC 50 ) of Hg 2+ for 24h,48h,72h and 96h to Litopenaeus vannamei juvenile were 0.415mg/L,0.375mg/L,0.264mg/L and 0.209 mg/L respectively,those of LC 50 of Zn 2+ were 35.362mg/L,22.709mg/L,17.041mg/L and 13.569mg/L respectively, and those of LC 50 of Cr 6+ were 40.892 mg/L,27.498 mg/L,21.635 mg/L and 13.573 mg/L respectively,and that safety concentrations(SC) of Cr 6+ ,Zn 2+ ,Hg 2+ for 96h were 0.136 mg/L, 0.136 mg/L and 0.002 1 mg/L respectively.The order of the toxicities of these heavy metals was Hg 2+ >Zn 2+ ≈Cr 6+ . The jonit toxicities of Hg 2+ ,Zn 2+ , Hg 2+ and Cr 6+ acting on 96 h Litopenaeus vannamei juvenile were synergitic.The low intensity of Zn 2+ and the high intensity of Cr 6+ were antagonistic.The low intensity of Cr 6+ and the high intensity of Zn 2+ were combinational.The intensities of Zn 2+ and Cr 6+ showed a relatively absolute effect.Finally ,the thesis talked about the acute toxicity effects ,SC and the joint toxicity of Cr 6+ ,Zn 2+ ,Hg 2+ acting on Litopenaeus vannamei juvenile.