5Kollef MH.Appropriate empirical anibacterial therapy for nosocomial infections.Drugs,2003,63:2157-2168.
6Ibrahim EH,Sherman G,Ward S,et al. The influence of inadequate antimicrobialtreatment of bloodstream infections outcomes in the ICU setting. Chest,2000,118:146-155.
7Luna CM,Famiglietti A,Absi R,et al. Community-acquired pneumonia. Etiology, epidemiology, and outcome at a teaching hospital in Argentina. Chest,2000,118:1344-1354.
8Cosgrove SE,Kaye KS,Eliopoulous GM,et al.Health and economic outcomes of the emergenece of third generation cephalosporin resistance in Enterobacter species.Arch Intern Med,2002,162:185-190.
9Namias N, Samiian L, Nino D,et al.Incidence and susceptibility of pathogenic bacteria vary between intensive care units within a single hospital: implications for empiric antibiotic strategies. J Trauma,2000,49:638-645.
5Deitch EA.Bacterial translocation of the gut flora.J Trauma,1990,30:184.
6Yang HM ,Sheng ZHY, Guo ZHR ,et al. Oxygen free radical in jury and its relation to bacterial and endotoxin translocation after delayed fluid resuscitation ; clinical and experimental study.Chin Med J,1997,110:118-142.
7O'Reilly M, Newcomb DE , Remick D. Endotoxin, sepsis, and the primrose path. Shock, 1999, 12:411-420.
8Gao JJ, Xue Q, Papasian CJ, et al. Bacterial DNA and lipopolysaccharide induce synergistic production of TNF-alpha through a post-transcriptional mechanism. J Immunol, 2001, 166:6855-6860.
9Gawad KA, Schneider C, Brinken B, et al. Anti-TNF antibody treatment has no positive effect on survival in a model of pneumococcal sepsis in pigs. J Invest Surg, 2001,14:291-297.
10Newcomb D, Bolgos G, Green L, et al. Antibiotic treatment influences outcome in murine sepsis: mediators of in increased morbibidity. Shock, 1998,10:110-117.
